{"id":34286,"date":"2026-06-24T11:52:28","date_gmt":"2026-06-24T09:52:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/?p=34286"},"modified":"2026-06-24T11:55:54","modified_gmt":"2026-06-24T09:55:54","slug":"czy-ai-moze-wspierac-projektowanie-elektroniki-test-github-copilota-i-kicad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/czy-ai-moze-wspierac-projektowanie-elektroniki-test-github-copilota-i-kicad\/","title":{"rendered":"Czy AI mo\u017ce wspiera\u0107 projektowanie elektroniki? Test GitHub Copilota i KiCAD"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ta kr\u00f3tka seria artyku\u0142\u00f3w nie jest poradnikiem opisuj\u0105cym krok po kroku, jak wykorzysta\u0107 AI do tworzenia schemat\u00f3w (ang. schematic capture) oraz projektowania <a href=\"https:\/\/sii.pl\/wyszukiwarka\/blog\/pcb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">PCB<\/a>. Stanowi ona raczej zapis eksperyment\u00f3w maj\u0105cych na celu okre\u015blenie, czy og\u00f3lnotematyczny model LLM jest w stanie sprosta\u0107 z\u0142o\u017conym wyzwaniom wpisanym w proces rozwoju urz\u0105dze\u0144 elektronicznych (ang. hardware development).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nie znajdziesz tutaj samouczka, kt\u00f3ry pomo\u017ce Ci skonfigurowa\u0107 lub wdro\u017cy\u0107 sztuczn\u0105 inteligencj\u0119 do proces\u00f3w projektowania elektroniki. Znajdziesz tu natomiast analiz\u0119 konkretnych przypadk\u00f3w (ang. case-by-case) pod k\u0105tem praktycznych pr\u00f3b wykorzystania tych modeli do okre\u015blonych zada\u0144.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Oprogramowaniem EDA wybranym do tych test\u00f3w jest KiCAD<\/strong>. Wyb\u00f3r ten nie wynika\u0142 z jakiejkolwiek natywnej integracji tego programu z AI, lecz ze specyfiki format\u00f3w plik\u00f3w u\u017cywanych do przechowywania schemat\u00f3w, projekt\u00f3w PCB oraz innych danych kluczowych z punktu widzenia rozwoju urz\u0105dze\u0144.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dlaczego KiCAD?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u0142\u00f3wn\u0105 zalet\u0105 programu KiCAD jest filozofia przechowywania danych \u2013 zapisuje dane projektowe w zwyk\u0142ych, ustrukturyzowanych plikach tekstowych. Oczywi\u015bcie ka\u017cdy element projektu (schemat, p\u0142ytka drukowana, lista po\u0142\u0105cze\u0144 itp.) wykorzystuje w\u0142asny, dedykowany schemat struktury, zoptymalizowany pod k\u0105tem okre\u015blonego typu danych.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taki format, oparty na tek\u015bcie, jest niezwykle korzystny, gdy bierze si\u0119 pod uwag\u0119 automatyczne generowanie plik\u00f3w projektowych. Co wi\u0119cej, formaty te posiadaj\u0105 szczeg\u00f3\u0142ow\u0105 i og\u00f3lnodost\u0119pn\u0105 dokumentacj\u0119 techniczn\u0105. W zwi\u0105zku z tym KiCAD staje si\u0119 atrakcyjn\u0105 platform\u0105 do eksperymentowania z generowaniem poszczeg\u00f3lnych plik\u00f3w projektu przy u\u017cyciu AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Projektowanie urz\u0105dze\u0144 elektronicznych to proces czasoch\u0142onny i wieloetapowy. W tym artykule podejm\u0119 pr\u00f3b\u0119 zastosowania AI do konkretnych, odizolowanych zada\u0144 in\u017cynieryjnych i oceni\u0119, czy takie podej\u015bcie jest rzeczywi\u015bcie op\u0142acalne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wszystkie eksperymenty zosta\u0142y przeprowadzone przy u\u017cyciu \u015brodowiska VS Code oraz narz\u0119dzia GitHub Copilot. Ze wzgl\u0119du na z\u0142o\u017cono\u015b\u0107 tematu, artyku\u0142 ten zostanie opublikowany w kilku cz\u0119\u015bciach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wymagania<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>W celu przetestowania modelu Copilot jako zadanie testowe wybrano zaprojektowanie prostego urz\u0105dzenia s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cego do komunikacji komputera z zewn\u0119trzn\u0105 pami\u0119ci\u0105 EEPROM. Komputer b\u0119dzie wykorzystywa\u0142 port USB zar\u00f3wno do komunikacji, jak i do zasilania uk\u0142adu. Urz\u0105dzenie b\u0119dzie konwertowa\u0107 polecenia przesy\u0142ane z komputera na operacje zapisu, odczytu oraz kasowania pami\u0119ci EEPROM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wymagania dotycz\u0105ce urz\u0105dzenia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Funkcjonalno\u015b\u0107 konwertera USB (CDC) do I2C,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zasilanie bezpo\u015brednio ze z\u0142\u0105cza USB,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Programowanie zewn\u0119trznej pami\u0119ci EEPROM w uk\u0142adzie (pami\u0119\u0107 znajduje si\u0119 w module zasilacza),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dwa dodatkowe piny typu push-pull pracuj\u0105ce na poziomie 12 V (maks. 20 mA), dedykowane do konfiguracji trybu pracy modu\u0142u zasilacza,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Izolacja galwaniczna dla wszystkich pin\u00f3w steruj\u0105cych.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dob\u00f3r komponent\u00f3w<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Narz\u0119dziu Copilot powierzy\u0142em zadanie doboru komponent\u00f3w elektronicznych, niezb\u0119dnych do realizacji urz\u0105dzenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wprowadzi\u0142em nast\u0119puj\u0105cy prompt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Please select electronics components for the device described by the following requirements:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>USB (CDC) to I2C Converter.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>USB-powered device operation.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>In-system programming of an external EEPROM (located within the power supply module).<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Two additional 12V push-pull pins (max. 20 mA current output) dedicated to configuring the operating mode of the power supply module.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Galvanic isolation required for all control pins.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Efekt<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>W rezultacie Copilot wygenerowa\u0142 plik zawieraj\u0105cy opisy zaproponowanych element\u00f3w wraz z uzasadnieniem ich wyboru:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>J1 &#8212; USB-C connector: GCT USB4085-GF-A<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Modern USB-C device connector. Fixed 5.1 k\\textohm UFP CC resistors must be added externally since no VCONN or PD negotiation is needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>R1, R2 &#8212; 5.1 k<\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong>, 1%, 0603 (USB-C CC1\/CC2 pull-downs)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Required for USB 2.0 sink-only operation. Without these resistors the host will not recognise a valid device on the bus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>F1 &#8212; Bourns MF-MSMF050-2 (USB input resettable fuse)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Polyfuse on the VBUS line that limits fault current and resets automatically after a short-circuit event clears.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>D1 &#8212; TI TPD2EUSB30DRTR (USB D+\/D- ESD protection)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Rail-clamp TVS array chosen for its ultra-low capacitance so it does not degrade USB signal quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>U1 &#8212; STM32F072C8T6 (main MCU)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>ARM Cortex-M0 with native USB full-speed device peripheral, hardware I2C, and sufficient GPIO for all functions. The internal 48 MHz oscillator with clock recovery (CRS) means no external crystal is required, simplifying layout and reducing cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>U2 \u2014 Diodes Inc. AP2112K-3.3TRG1 (3.3 V regulator, MCU side)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Low-dropout regulator with 600 mA output capacity and very low quiescent current. Significantly more efficient and better specified than the AMS1117 that was previously in the BOM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Y1 \u2014 None required (MCU clock)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The STM32F072 can drive USB from its internal 48 MHz RC oscillator trimmed by the USB start-of-frame packets via the CRS peripheral. An external crystal is only needed if precise baud-rate generation is required for other peripherals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>U3 &#8212; Texas Instruments ISO1640BDWR (isolated I2C transceiver)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Purpose-built bidirectional I2C isolator with separate SCL and SDA channels and transparent open-drain behaviour. Avoids the complexity and timing problems of implementing I2C isolation with generic optocouplers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>U4 &#8212; Analog Devices ADuM1201ARZ (2-channel digital isolator)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Carries the two mode-control logic signals from the MCU side to the isolated 12 V domain. CMOS-level on the input side and compatible with the TC4427 input threshold on the output side.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>U5 &#8212; Murata MEJ1S0512SC (5 V to isolated 12 V DC\/DC converter)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>1 W isolated converter that derives the field-side 12 V rail entirely from USB power. Provides the supply for the push-pull output stage and, after down-regulation, for the isolated logic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>U6 &#8212; Microchip MCP1703A-3302E\/CB (isolated-side 3.3 V LDO)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Post-regulates the isolated 12 V rail down to 3.3 V for the ISO1640 field-side supply and for the I2C pull-up resistors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>U7 &#8212; Microchip TC4427AEOA (dual push-pull output driver)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Two-channel MOSFET gate driver repurposed as high-current logic output. Powered directly from the isolated 12 V rail, it delivers true rail-to-rail push-pull outputs capable of sourcing and sinking up to 1.5 A, with the actual working current limited by the series resistors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>R3, R4 &#8212; 560<\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong>, 1%, 0805 (series resistors on CTRL0 and CTRL1 outputs)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Placed between the TC4427 outputs and the connector to enforce the 20 mA maximum. At 12 V \u00b1 560\u03a9 ~21 mA, the current is held within specification even if the target input is accidentally shorted to ground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>R5, R6 &#8212; 4.7 k<\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong>, 1%, 0603 (isolated-side I2C pull-ups)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pull SCL_ISO and SDA_ISO to the isolated 3.3 V rail. Value chosen for standard-mode and fast-mode I2C compatibility up to 400 kHz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>J2 &#8212; 6-pin JST-GH or 2.54 mm header (isolated target connector)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Carries all signals to the power-supply module: GND_ISO, SDA_ISO, SCL_ISO, CTRL0_12V, CTRL1_12V, and an optional VISO test pin for bench diagnostics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>J3 \u2014 4-pin Tag-Connect or 2.54 mm header (SWD programming header)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Exposes SWDIO, SWCLK, 3V3, and GND for in-circuit firmware loading and debugging with an ST-Link or compatible probe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak wida\u0107, wynik pracy modelu Copilot jest w tym przypadku ca\u0142kiem sensowny, zwa\u017cywszy na to, \u017ce podane wymagania nie by\u0142y szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe. By\u0107 mo\u017ce przy realizacji stosunkowo prostego urz\u0105dzenia model jest w stanie zapewni\u0107 rezultaty zbli\u017cone do tych, jakich spodziewaliby\u015bmy si\u0119 od in\u017cyniera.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"nsw-o-blogersii-banner\">\n            <picture>\n            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Blog-Embedded-Lab-Desktop_.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" >\n            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Blog-Embedded-Lab-Mob_.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 300px)\" >            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Blog-Embedded-Lab-Desktop_.jpg\" alt=\"\"  class=\"\"  >\n        <\/picture>\n        <div class=\"cnt\">\n                    <div class=\"nsw-m-title-block -h3 -invert  -has-title-margin-bottom-0 -has-title-font-weight-bold\">\n                                <h2 class=\"nsw-m-title-block__title\">Embedded Systems<\/h2>\n                <\/div>\n                            <p class=\"has-nsw-p-4-font-size has-invert-color\">\n                Oferujemy us\u0142ugi R&amp;D, projektowania, tworzenia i testowania system\u00f3w wbudowanych, zapewniaj\u0105c bezpiecze\u0144stwo i niezawodno\u015b\u0107 Twoich technologii.\n            <\/p>\n                            <a  href=\"https:\/\/sii.pl\/oferta\/embedded-systems\/\" class=\"nsw-a-button -ghost -banner-button\"   >\n        <span>Oferta Embedded systems<\/span>\n    <\/a>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wnioski<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Model Copilot wykazuje u\u017cyteczno\u015b\u0107 w nast\u0119puj\u0105cych obszarach:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dob\u00f3r komponent\u00f3w:<\/strong> W przypadku prostych projekt\u00f3w, opartych na popularnych i \u0142atwo dost\u0119pnych komponentach, Copilot potrafi zaproponowa\u0107 odpowiednie podzespo\u0142y oraz rozwi\u0105zania technologiczne.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Wyszukiwanie informacji technicznych:<\/strong> Copilot skutecznie radzi sobie z agregowaniem danych o komponentach oraz wyszukiwaniem przyk\u0142ad\u00f3w ich zastosowania.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>W kolejnej cz\u0119\u015bci skupimy si\u0119 na modyfikowaniu plik\u00f3w schemat\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-left kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;34286&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;30&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Czy AI mo\u017ce wspiera\u0107 projektowanie elektroniki? Test GitHub Copilota i KiCAD&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;159&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/5&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 159px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 2px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 24px;\">\n            5\/5    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ta kr\u00f3tka seria artyku\u0142\u00f3w nie jest poradnikiem opisuj\u0105cym krok po kroku, jak wykorzysta\u0107 AI do tworzenia schemat\u00f3w (ang. schematic capture) &hellip; <a class=\"continued-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/czy-ai-moze-wspierac-projektowanie-elektroniki-test-github-copilota-i-kicad\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":248,"featured_media":34295,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1316],"tags":[15102,15043,1796,563,682,1126],"class_list":["post-34286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-development-na-miekko","tag-kicad","tag-copilot","tag-github-2","tag-embedded","tag-artificial-intelligence","tag-pcb"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"republish_history":[],"featured_media_url":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/AI_1-2026.jpg","category_names":["Development na mi\u0119kko"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34286"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/248"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34286"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34289,"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34286\/revisions\/34289"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sii.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}